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Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 blockade with nivolumab and ipilimumab is associated with a high rate of durable responses in mismatch repair–deficient/microsatellite instability–high non colorectal cancers
A new non-randomized trial, recently published on JAMA Oncology, shows that the association of nivolumab and ipilimumab lead to a high rate of durable responses in mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) noncolorectal cancers.
This multicenter phase 2 trial enrolled 52 patients with 17 different types of advanced dMMR/MSI-H tumours; they were treated with ipilimumab in addition to nivolumab. Anti-PD-1 monotherapy provides durable responses in a third of patients with advanced dMMR/MSI-H noncolorectal cancers, the combination with ipilimumab blocking CTLA-4 has been shown to be superior than anti-PD-1 monotherapy in immunogenic tumours such as melanoma. Authors thus tested the association in noncolorectal cancers too, evaluating efficacy and safety. The objective response rate was 63%, with a progression-free survival of 71% at 6 months. The double blockade compared favorably to published trials using anti-PD-1 monotherapy. Authors therefore conclude that «Anti–PD-1/CTLA-4 blockade using nivolumab and ipilimumab may represent an alternative treatment option to monotherapy in this patient population».
